You will need to know the law on self-defence in the UK to practice Self-defence & Physical Intervention Training.
Navigating self-defence laws in the UK can be confusing. Here’s a clear breakdown of what’s legal—and what might get you into trouble.
Understanding your rights around self-defence in the UK is essential. The law is set out in Section 76 of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 and Section 3(1) of the Criminal Law Act 1967. Both confirm that you may use “reasonable force” to defend yourself, others, your property, or to prevent a crime.
The law looks at two key points:
Necessity – Was it absolutely necessary to use force in that moment?
Proportionality – Was the amount of force used in proportion to the threat faced?
Put simply: you may only use the level of force needed to stop the threat — no more.
UK law gives you a lawful excuse to act if it is necessary to:
Defend yourself or someone else from unlawful harm.
Prevent a crime or assist in making a lawful arrest.
Stop a breach of the peace.
Prevent unlawful detention of yourself or another.
Protect property from theft, damage, or trespass.
You do not have to wait to be attacked before defending yourself — but your response must be reasonable.
If you continue to use force after the threat has ended, you may be breaking the law.
Using weapons such as knives or pepper spray is not legal self-defence in the UK. Everyday objects used incidentally (e.g. picking up a chair to block an attack) may be acceptable if proportionate.
This page is for general information only and is not legal advice. If you are unsure about your situation, seek advice from a solicitor.
1. Name Two Laws (excluding Health and Safety statute and Common Law) which govern the use of physical force in the UK?
2. Name 3 Situations where it would be ‘Legal’ to use force against another person?
3. What two aspects make up ‘Reasonable Force’?
4. Can an individual act Pre-emptively?
5. What does ‘Proportionate’ mean?
Check out your Answers below 👇
Section 76 Criminal Justice & Immigration Act 2008 & Section 3(1) Criminal Law Act 1967 / Common Law.
Prevention or termination of a crime, to prevent or terminate the unlawful detention of himself or another, or to prevent a breach of the peace.
Necessary & Proportionate.
Yes (if you are unable to withdraw).
A proportionate response would be justified by the level of harm that would be suffered if the force were not used.